Costume Jewelry: How Capital One Uses Tokenization to Protect Data
summary
Capital One builds a custom tokenization engine that preserves format, detokenizes on demand, and serves roughly 15k TPS / 160B ops per month while keeping high availability; teams adopt it in under a month (≈ one developer-month). Detection uses a homegrown scanner that scans S3 buckets and data lake exports (databases are dumped to S3), costs about $50k per PB, yields ~30% SSN false positives, and forces SLAs (10‑day triage, 120‑day remediation); free‑text, images and encrypted files remain the hardest gaps.
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chapters (33)
- 0:00Tokenization at Capital One
- 1:05Tokenization crown jewel defense
- 3:38Cloud-first strategy impact
- 4:19Data types tokenized
- 6:30Tokenization vs encryption
- 8:19Tokenization in practice
- 10:02Sensitive data inventory
- 11:05Custom scanning tool
- 13:18Scanning limits
- 14:21S3 scanning upstream
- 15:24Database scanning via S3
- 16:07Scanning cleanup costs
- 17:40Alert dispositioning SLAs
- 21:01Protecting readable data
- 23:07Custom tokenization engine
- 24:11Tokenization success cases
- 25:39Tokenization benchmarks
- 26:22Enterprise app tokenization
- 27:24Third-party limitations
- 29:15Detection vs adoption program
- 30:39Free text field challenges
- 31:45Secure alert validation
- 32:30Journey timeline status
- 33:13Tokenization worth the effort?
- 33:38Q&A: Commercial vs custom
- 35:05Q&A: Scanning logs exposure
- 36:11Q&A: Engine build effort
- 36:52Q&A: PII remediation S3
- 38:39Q&A: Stateful vs stateless
- 39:43Q&A: App modernization
- 40:24Q&A: Tokenization methods
- 40:47Q&A: Referential integrity
- 41:07Q&A: Tokens in unstructured
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