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Uber's Failover Architecture: Reconciling Reliability and Efficiency in Hyperscale...

Talkat NSDI '26 · 2026-05-04..05-06· [microservices, software-architecture]
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name:Kevin Xu
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name:Yufei Ren
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name:Wen Luo
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name:Kai Song
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Claims a shift from uniform 2× regional provisioning to a differentiated model that cuts steady‑state from 2× to 1.3×, raises utilization from ~20% to ~30%, and sustains ~99.97% availability; deploys automated orchestration and safeguards — Outage Mitigator (OMG) for parallel failover steps, Kraken for prefetching images, RPC shield plus a canary regression gate to eliminate fail‑close dependencies; hardens ~4,000 unsafe dependencies, reclaims ~575K cores (projected >1M from ~4M), and restores full capacity in ~7 minutes with steady state reached in ~20–30 minutes.

AI-written summary · about

  1. 0:00Uber's failover architecture
  2. 1:21Dual-region active-active challenges
  3. 3:07Failover goals and tiers
  4. 6:38Outage Mitigator and Kraken
  5. 9:11Image pre-fetching and migration
  6. 11:22Resource borrowing and buffer
  7. 13:04Eliminating fail-close dependencies
  8. 14:51Testing and regression systems
  9. 16:16Real-world failover results
  10. 17:39Error rates and utilization impact
  11. 18:41Lessons learned and future
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