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Bifrost: Alibaba's Next-Generation VPC Network with High-Performance Multipath...

Talkat NSDI '26 · 2026-05-04..05-06· [networking, cloud-infrastructure]
name:Zihao Fan
links:none on file
name:Xing Li
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name:Ye Yang
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name:Bo Jiang
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name:Yilong Lv
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name:Yuke Hong
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name:Jiayue Xu
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name:Yunrui Hu
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name:Zhao Gao
links:none on file
name:Ke Sun
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name:Yimin Liu
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links:none on file
name:Enge Song
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links:none on file
name:Haonan Li
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name:Yang Song
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name:Jun Liang
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name:Biao Lyu
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name:Rong Wen
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slides:none on file

Bifrost moves reliable transport out of the VM into the VPC by inserting a new header and running a transport engine beside AVS on the SmartNIC, using RTT-aware multipath packet spraying to avoid hotspots, in-place guest reordering by reordering DMA descriptors so the guest sees ordered packets, and delayed bitmap ACKs with 4 ms RTO. It supports O(100k) concurrent connections per SmartNIC with 1 GB memory, achieves <1 s failure recovery, and reports up to 307× tail-latency reduction for Redis and 66× for Nginx in production deployment.

AI-written summary · about

  1. 0:00Alibaba Cloud VPC intro
  2. 2:26VPC performance evolution
  3. 3:34Reliable transport motivation
  4. 6:00Network reliability challenges
  5. 7:25Bifrost architecture overview
  6. 9:09RTT-aware multipath spraying
  7. 11:20In-order delivery design
  8. 12:46Delayed ACK performance gains
  9. 14:13Memory efficiency in Bifrost
  10. 15:01Real-world deployment results
  11. 15:25Conclusion and future
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