Investigating Retention in Passive Haptic Learning of Piano Songs
summary
20 participants learn two 10-note sequences on a keyboard with a motorized glove; one sequence learned actively, the other via a 20-minute passive rehearsal (playing Gweled while feeling the sequence and seeing LEDs). Retention is tested after 3 days using Dynamic Time Warping to score errors. Passive learning requires fewer attempts to reach 90% initially, shows no advantage for unaided recall, but after a single auditory/visual cue passively learned sequences are recalled about one note (≈10%) better, driven by novices while previous piano students show no benefit.
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