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ChopChop: A Programmable Framework for Semantically Constraining the Output of Language(…)

Talkat POPL 2026 · 2026-01-11..01-17· [large-language-models]
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ChopChop constructs constrained decoders that decide whether a token prefix has a completion satisfying a semantic spec by building prefix spaces and solving a realizability query with coinduction. It ships pruners for equivalence using egraphs and for a TypeScript subset enforcing type safety, evaluates on CodeLlama 13B, raises success rates versus grammar/unconstrained baselines, guarantees never emitting an invalid program by construction, and incurs a 2–3× decoding slowdown.

AI-written summary · about

  1. 0:00Introduction to ChopChop
  2. 1:30Constraining language outputs
  3. 3:39Constraint decoding with examples
  4. 6:26Limitations of existing methods
  5. 9:15Core ideas of ChopChop
  6. 12:43Prefix spaces for ASTs
  7. 15:31Pruning functions with co-induction
  8. 18:01Equivalence constraints with egraphs
  9. 19:48Type safety in TypeScript
  10. 20:30Evaluation results and performance
  11. 21:54Summary and future work
  12. 22:15Q&A
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