Dangling in French and English
summary
Code demonstrates that taking a char from string::c_str() inside a std::vector then push_backing more elements can either be safe or crash depending on small string optimization. A 18‑char French string allocates on the heap so the pointer survives vector growth; a 15‑char English string fits SSO and c_str() points into the string object, so after reallocation the pointer dangles and causes a segfault. SSO threshold 16 c_str() pointing into short-string buffer*
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