Extended Formulations 1
summary
Quick tutorial that proves the core claims: extended formulations let some polytopes shrink from exponentially many inequalities to n×B network flow LP for knapsack by encoding the DP, and extension complexity equals nonnegative rank equals extension complexity via Yannakakis. Tools are explicit constructions, slack matrices, nonnegative factorizations and communication complexity (randomized protocols and rectangle covering number) to get exponential lower bounds (e.g., correlation polytope) and to connect to NP-hardness; open problem: FPTAS-size LPs remain unresolved.
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